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In this work, an in situ study is presented of the impact of textile materials used in healthcare facilities on microbial colonization of textile surfaces. The available literature describes antimicrobial active textiles and their effectiveness in laboratory conditions. However, the quantification of the impact on the microbiome of healthcare facilities has not been investigated so far. Polypropylene yarns doped with silver phosphate glass and zinc pyrithione were prepared and used for the production of bed sheets and clothing for healthcare personnel. Subsequently, measurements of airborne particles and viable microorganisms on given textiles were conducted in a private surgery clinic for 3 weeks, comparing the counts of viable microorganisms before and after replacing staff clothing and bedding on examination and the surgical bed with said polypropylene cloth. A significant reduction in airborne particles and viable microorganisms was expected based on previous studies on the use of polypropylene textiles in operating rooms. In this study, a significant reduction in viable airborne fungi and viable microorganisms on monitored textiles was observed by multiple methods. However, the effect on airborne microorganisms seems insignificant in areas with frequent patient traffic. The textile described here represents a new additional way of protecting patients and medical personnel from healthcare-associated infections while using a modification of proven production procedures and commercially usable materials without legislative restrictions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The challenges of today's protective material developers' requirements for body armour target structure design, strength, stiffness, and light weight structures have historically come from composite structures having high cost, complex manufacturing, and time-consuming process. Hence, there is a need to identify suitable alternate materials with reliable composites and essential design requirements for high impact armour structures. At present, hybrid composite structures are increasingly utilized in armour structure developments because they offer quick adoption to produce low cost, high impact strength, and a methodology for easy and quick manufacturing process without compromising the performance of traditional composite structures. This experimental analysis reports that the prepared hybrid composite target structures are composed of woven polypropylene fabric impregnated with single, double, and triple layers with a prepared shear thickening fluid (STF) concentration (50 vol% silica dispersed in polyethylene glycol 600 g/mol) used as a core layer in this structure and a neat/silica gel coated aluminum face sheet is used as the skin material. The prepared STF is characterized through rheological analysis exhibits shear thickening behavior reveals that extensively depends on silica particle morphology, volume fraction, and particle size distribution. The prepared hybrid composite target structure test results demonstrate a significant enhancement in tensile strength, modulus, better peel resistance properties, and puncture resistance evaluated in different geometry of projectiles like flat, hemispherical, elliptical, and conical indentor penetration velocity at 500 mm/min have been performed to demonstrate the improvements in the target structure. It enhances the performance layer thickness increases with increasing puncture resistance for all indentors sequently identified and penetration damage of target structures varied with respect to indentor nose head surface area of contacts. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this work, an in situ study is presented of the impact of textile materials used in healthcare facilities on microbial colonization of textile surfaces. The available literature describes antimicrobial active textiles and their effectiveness in laboratory conditions. However, the quantification of the impact on the microbiome of healthcare facilities has not been investigated so far. Polypropylene yarns doped with silver phosphate glass and zinc pyrithione were prepared and used for the production of bed sheets and clothing for healthcare personnel. Subsequently, measurements of airborne particles and viable microorganisms on given textiles were conducted in a private surgery clinic for 3 weeks, comparing the counts of viable microorganisms before and after replacing staff clothing and bedding on examination and the surgical bed with said polypropylene cloth. A significant reduction in airborne particles and viable microorganisms was expected based on previous studies on the use of polypropylene textiles in operating rooms. In this study, a significant reduction in viable airborne fungi and viable microorganisms on monitored textiles was observed by multiple methods. However, the effect on airborne microorganisms seems insignificant in areas with frequent patient traffic. The textile described here represents a new additional way of protecting patients and medical personnel from healthcare-associated infections while using a modification of proven production procedures and commercially usable materials without legislative restrictions.

Roof garden arrangements, which have emerged in recent years based on environmentally friendly approaches, not only increase urban aesthetics but are also a design approach that contributes to the solution of problems caused by climate change. In this study, the filtration performance of different geotextile materials was investigated based on the extensive roof garden model. The studies related to the research were carried out as an open field pot experiment in Ege University Bayindir Vocational School. Crassula ovata from succulent group plants was used as plant material. 3 filtration materials were tested as filter layers, namely glass fibre, raw cotton, and polypropylene fabric. Various statistical analyses were applied to determine the effectiveness of the filtration materials in extensive roof garden applications. According to statistical significance levels it can be said that the use of polypropylene fabric as filtration material would be more advantageous compared to alternative geotextile materials. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Roof garden arrangements, which have emerged in recent years based on environmentally friendly approaches, not only increase urban aesthetics but are also a design approach that contributes to the solution of problems caused by climate change. In this study, the filtration performance of different geotextile materials was investigated based on the extensive roof garden model. The studies related to the research were carried out as an open field pot experiment in Ege University Bayindir Vocational School. Crassula ovata from succulent group plants was used as plant material. 3 filtration materials were tested as filter layers, namely glass fibre, raw cotton, and polypropylene fabric. Various statistical analyses were applied to determine the effectiveness of the filtration materials in extensive roof garden applications. According to statistical significance levels it can be said that the use of polypropylene fabric as filtration material would be more advantageous compared to alternative geotextile materials.

Polypropylene (PP) is a thermoplastic polymer widely used as a medical textile in healthcare applications due to its low cost and superior performance. However, it does not show antibacterial properties leading to the possibility of pathogen transmission. Herein, we have developed an antibacterial medical fabric by facile self-assembly of delaminated two-dimensional (2D) Ti3C2Tx MXene flakes bristling on the surface of PP fibers. The increasing amount of MXene in the coating solution from 1 up to 32 mg/mL allowed for edge-on assembly of MXene flakes on the PP surface and tracking the evolution of the band gap for a restacked structure. Characterization of the PP/Ti3C2Tx nanocomposite has proven that it exhibited highly effective antibacterial, robust coating, and chemically/thermally stable properties. The in vitro microbiological studies against Gram-negative Escherichia coli and Gram-positive Staphylococcus aureus have shown that PP/Ti3C2Tx reduced the bacterial viability up to 100%, as driven by synergistic membrane stress mediated by physical contact and light-induced reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation. Moreover, the use of l-ascorbic acid for MXene stabilization allowed for achieving excellent thermal stability of the PP/Ti3C2Tx nanocomposite upon accelerated thermal aging. Collectively, this work provides a facile surface engineering strategy for designing medical fabrics with outstanding functional performances. By demonstrating the exceptional performance of the stabilized MXene in a self-assembly nanocomposite structure, we are opening the door for MXenes to be applied in other biomedical fields. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

At present, puncture resistance and rheological performance of shear thickening fluid (STF) is an essential design requirement for a soft armour material (target sample). The target sample is prepared with a dip and dry process of STF impregnated woven polypropylene (PP) fabric. These samples were tested and compared with neat PP fabric. The penetration depth of target samples is highly sensitive to the coefficient of friction between the indenter's nose shape geometry and the target sample. The STF is prepared by mechanical dispersion of synthesized microsphere silica microparticles at a volume fraction of 57% in polyethylene glycol (400 g/mol). The rheological response indicates that the prepared concentration of silica microparticles in the STF suspension is observed to have a better shear thickening effect. The viscosity of suspension is highly sensitive to silica aspect ratio, volume fraction and particle size distribution in this work. Tensile tests along with puncture resistance with different indenter nose shapes geometry (hemispherical, elliptical, flat and conical) have been performed in the present study. Results indicate that the energy absorption is more with the hemispherical indenter and less with that of the conical indenter, which is attributed to the minimum surface area of contact as compared to all other indenters. A total of 16 number of fabricated target samples with various coating thicknesses of STF impregnated fabrics achieved the desired tensile strength, modulus and puncture resistance. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

One of the important tasks is to deliver to the consumer a calibrated high-quality metal in a saleable condition, which requires protection from atmospheric corrosion and adverse climatic factors, protection from contamination and mechanical damage for the period of transportation to the consumer by motor transport, and storage at intermediate warehouses before going into production. A comprehensive system approach is needed to preserve the quality and appearance of the products on the way from the manufacturer to the consumer. The use of modern packaging materials, such as paper with corrosion inhibitor and polypropylene fabric reinforcement, will allow to obtain permanent guaranteed protection of the rolled surface and expands the possibilities of transportation and sales markets of metal products. The testing stage of the corrosion inhibitor included the determination of its protective properties. It is established that the advantage of packaging of rolled products in anticorrosive paper is that it, combining the functions of packaging means and means of preservation, allows you to completely abandon the expensive and time-consuming preservation of metal products with oils and greases. The use of a volatile corrosion inhibitor in the composition of the paper provides full protection of rolled products.

In order to realize the immobilization of collagen, chitosan and sericin on the surface of polypropylene fabric, the fabric is treated by ammonia and nitrogen low temperature plasma to produce reactive groups, and then the epoxy compounds (ethylene glycol diglycidyl ether, trimethylolpropane triglycidyl ether) are used as crosslinkers for a bridging process. Single factor experiment is carried out to investigate the influence of crosslinking parameters (temperature, time and the dosage of crosslinker) on immobilization yield. Chemical composition changes on the surface of the treated samples is analyzed by infrared spectroscopy, which indicated that the ammonia plasma treatment can produce more active groups. The results showed that immobilization rate of samples crosslinked by ethylene glycol diglycidyl ether is superior to that of trimethylolpropane triglycidyl ether. It also can be found that the fabric had a better wettability and antimicrobial properties. The whiteness and comfort property of chitosan-polypropylene fabric decreased slightly. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In order to realize the immobilization of collagen, chitosan and sericin on the surface of polypropylene fabric, the fabric is treated by ammonia and nitrogen low temperature plasma to produce reactive groups, and then the epoxy compounds (ethylene glycol diglycidyl ether, trimethylolpropane triglycidyl ether) are used as crosslinkers for a bridging process. Single factor experiment is carried out to investigate the influence of crosslinking parameters (temperature, time and the dosage of crosslinker) on immobilization yield. Chemical composition changes on the surface of the treated samples is analyzed by infrared spectroscopy, which indicated that the ammonia plasma treatment can produce more active groups. The results showed that immobilization rate of samples crosslinked by ethylene glycol diglycidyl ether is superior to that of trimethylolpropane triglycidyl ether. It also can be found that the fabric had a better wettability and antimicrobial properties. The whiteness and comfort property of chitosan-polypropylene fabric decreased slightly. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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• Recycling and recovery of local waste. • Saving of natural resources. • Reduction in material costs. • Reduction of greenhouse gas emissions. • Improvement of the quality of construction concrete. Disposing glass into open spaces and landfills is among the most serious environmental threats, as well as a source of potential health risks around the world. Therefore, in the construction sector, recovering discarded glass as a building material is gaining popularity since it reduces greenhouse gas-footprint and associated environmental problems. Our paper investigates experimental and numerical modeling of the uni-axial compression behavior at 28 days of concrete cylinders containing colored waste glass (WG) and confined by a polypropylene textile. In doing so, an experimental protocol was performed by partial substitution in concrete to reduce the cement and sand levels of 0%, 5%, 10% and 15%. The best-performing variant is confined with textile sourced from the salvage sector too though. In this section, we studied the experimental and numerical behavior taking into account the type of confinement such as total confinement (TCC), partial confinement concrete circular (PCCC), and partial confinement concrete helical (PCCH). The obtained results in terms of stress evolution are presented and discussed, indeed, they represent a promising revelation regarding the improvement in terms of rigidity. The confrontation of the experimental and numerical results shows a satisfactory agreement. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Polypropylene fabrics were coated with copper particles using electroless plating, screen printing and wire arc spray coating techniques. Surface morphology of the fabrics was studied using optical and scanning electron microscopes (SEM). Furthermore, tensile strength, electrical conductivity, thermal conductivity, air permeability, water contact angle and fog collection efficiency of the coated fabrics were measured and the obtained results were analyzed. SEM micrographs showed that a very thin and uniform layer of copper deposited on the surface of the electroless plated polypropylene fibers. In the printed or spray coated fabrics the copper particles filled the spaces between yarns and fibers. The polypropylene electroless copper plated fabrics showed higher tensile strength, electrical conductivity, air permeability and thermal conductivity when compared with the fabrics coated with copper screen printed and copper spray coated fabrics. Finally, the obtained results showed that copper electroless plating could increase the fog collection efficiency of polypropylene fabrics considerably. As a conclusion, the surface modified copper electroless polypropylene fabrics are good candidates for fog collection in appropriate regions which need further investigations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Superwettable surface for oil/water separation have received great interest due to their high separation selectivity. Nevertheless, the actual application of such material is greatly hampered by poor biodegradablity of the coating and poor durability of the separation substrate. Herein, a novel superhydrophilic and underwater superoleophobic polypropylene fabric (PPF) with regenerated degreasing cotton cellulose/silicon oxide (SiO 2) composite coating was successfully fabricated through simple dip coating strategy. The obtained PPF can be utilized as highly efficient membrane material of separating immiscible mixtures of water and oils. Furthermore, by pumping the water-prewetted PPF rolled into a tube, pure and corrosive water on oil is able to be steadily separated without any oil uptake. Especially, owing to the decrease of PPF pores after suffering from the composite coating, a series of oil-in-water (O-in-W) emulsions can be effectively filtrated (separation efficiency: >92.5%; water flux: >380.6 L·m−2·h−1). Compared with many filtration materials, the as-fabricated PPF is durable, low cost and the fabrication method can be scaled up for massive production of separation PPF. It is expected that the as-prepared PPF can be applied to deal with oily wastewater from daily life and industries. [Display omitted] • A polypropylene fabric (PPF) with cotton cellulose/SiO 2 composite coating was fabricated. • The decorated PPF can continuously remove water from oil. • The PPF is able to separate oil-in-water emulsion. • The PPF has high separation efficiency to oil-in-water emulsions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A nanocomposite adsorbent based on potassium nickel hexacyanoferrate-loaded polypropylene fabric was synthesized for selective removal of Cs ions from contaminated waters by a two-stage synthesis: radiation-induced graft polymerization of acrylic acid monomer onto the nonwoven polypropylene fabric surface with subsequent in situ formation of potassium nickel hexacyanoferrate (KNiHCF) nanoparticles within the grafted chains. Data of scanning electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction, and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy confirmed the formation of KNiHCF homogeneous phase on the fabric surface, which consisted of crystalline cubic-shaped nanoparticles (70 to 100 nm). The efficiency of the synthesized adsorbent for removal of cesium ions was evaluated under various experimental conditions. It has demonstrated a rapid adsorption process, high adsorption capacity over a wide pH range, and selectivity in Cs ion removal from model solutions with high concentration of sodium ions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract: A sorption-active material carrying sulfonic acid groups was synthesized by the radiation-induced graft polymerization of styrene monomer onto the surface of non-woven polypropylene fabric, followed by sulfonation of the grafted polystyrene chains. The effect of the main experimental parameters (absorbed dose, monomer concentration, reaction time) on the styrene degree of grafting was investigated. The sulfonation process with 5% chlorosulfonic acid at room temperature was investigated in detail and the optimal sulfonation conditions for the samples with a medium degree of grafting (70–140%) were determined. Densities of 3.5–5meq/g were obtained by applying those sorption-active PP fabrics with a sulfonic acid group. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

Cation-exchange adsorbent based on polypropylene nonwoven fabric carrying sulfonate functional groups was synthesized by radiation-induced graft polymerization of glycidyl methacrylate (GMA) with subsequent chemical modification of the epoxy groups of poly-GMA graft chains with sodium hydrogensulfite in water–dimethylformamide solution at 70 °C.The effect of various polymerization parameters on the GMA grafting degree as well as experimental conditions for the effective incorporation of sulfonate groups were investigated. The conversion of the epoxy groups into the functional groups was investigated as a function of the degree of GMA grafting. The ion-exchange characteristics of the resultant cation-exchange adsorbent were determined. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

• Chemical analyses of H. italicum supercritical extracts are presented. • Arnazol was identified in supercritical extracts of Helichrysum genus. • Profiles of adsorbed components on cotton and polypropylene fabrics are presented. • The integrated supercritical extraction and impregnation process was applied. • Ethanol can be used to tailor the product properties in extraction and impregnation. ga1 Helichrysum italicum (Roth) G. Don fil., Asteraceae, possesses numerous secondary plant metabolites with a wide range of biological activities. Yet, data on the potential of supercritical fluid extraction (SFE) in their isolation are scarce. This study provides analyses of the chemical profiles of extracts obtained by SFE with or without ethanol as a cosolvent using GC-FID, GC-MS, HPLC, and UHPLC-MS techniques. Among the compounds with proven biological activity identified, the presence of arzanol was confirmed. In the next step, the integrated process of supercritical fluid extraction and impregnation was applied to deliver active compounds to cotton gauze and polypropylene fabric for possible topical applications. The analytical procedures results showed a considerable affinity of both textile materials for incorporating active components present in the H. italicum. The study indicated the high-pressure techniques applied as very efficient in the isolation of bioactive components from H. italicum and their adsorption on selected carriers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We report the development of low-cost triboelectric nanogenerators (TENGs) based on polypropylene (PP) fabrics formulated via an inexpensive melt-blowing process with an output voltage as high as 50 V. By disinfection methods such as exposure to steam, ethanol, and dry heat at 75 °C, the commercial medical masks and N95 filtering facepiece respirators (FFRs) can be reused to fabricate PP fiber based TENGs, which provide a novel regime for energy-harvesting devices based on reusable materials. As a power source, the output of one TENG can drive 15 serially connected light-emitting diodes (LEDs) or a commercial electric calculator. PP fabric TENGs can also work as self-powered sensors for the high-sensitivity detection of mechanical impact. We provide examples where the TENG is used to detect biomechanical motion such as that associated with the extension of an elbow, the touch of a finger, the impact of footsteps, and the bending of a knee without an external power supply. Most importantly, these PP fabrics for TENGs can be obtained from decontaminated medical masks that are generated as tremendous wastes every day, which provide a great potential as sustainable energy. These properties suggest that PP fabric based TENGs are promising for harvesting energy from biological systems and that they may facilitate the large-scale production of a new range of inexpensive self-powered multifunctional wearable sensors for applications in healthcare, security, and information networks.

Cation-exchange adsorbents were prepared by radiation-induced grafting of glycidyl methacrylate (GMA) onto polypropylene (PP) fabric and polyethylene (PE) hollow fiber and subsequent phosphonation of epoxy groups of poly(GMA) graft chains. The adsorption characteristics of Pb2+, Cu2+ and Co2+ for the two cation-exchange adsorbents were studied. In the grafting of GMA onto PP fabric, the degree of grafting (%) increased with an increase in reaction time, reaction temperature, and pre-irradiation dose. The maximum grafting yield was observed around 60% GMA concentration. In 50, 130 and 250% GMA-grafted PP fabric, the content of phosphoric acid was 1.52, 3.40 and 4.50 mmol/g at 80 °C in the 85 % phosphoric acid aqueous solution for 24 h, respectively. The adsorption of Pb2+, Cu2+ and Co2+ by PP fabric adsorbent was enhanced with an increased phosphoric acid content The order of adsorption capacity of the PP fabric adsorbent was Pb2+>Co2+>Cu2+. In adsorption of Pb2+, Cu2+ and Co2+ by PE hollow fiber, the amount of Pb2+ adsorbed by the PE hollow fiber adsorbent containing 1.21 mmol/g of -PO3H was ca. 54.4 g per kg. The adsorption amount of Cu2+ and Co2+ in the same PE hollow fiber was ca. 21.0 g per kg and ca. 32.1 g per kg, respectively. The order of adsorption of the PE hollow fiber adsorbent was Pb2+>Co2+>Cu2+. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Fabrics woven from synthetic fibers are usually heat-set in order to improve their hand and other performance characteristics. During the heat-setting process, the inter-yarn forces are relaxed and, as a consequence, the bending hysteresis of the fabric is reduced. An experimental method is described that permits the continuous measurement of the bending hysteresis of fabrics over a range of temperatures up to the melting point of the polymer. By this means, the variations of fabric properties during the heat-setting process may be followed and compared with measurements made on fabrics that have been heat-set and allowed to cool. Results are presented for nylon, Dacron, polypropylene, and Nomex fabrics, and the significance of the various behavior characteristics is discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]

The oxygen index method is shown to be a valuable tool for the investigation of the flammability of textile samples as a function of their chemical composition. Measurements of limiting oxygen index (LOI) are reported for polyester/cotton blends of varying composition, and for 50/50 polyester/cotton blends in which one component fiber has been selectively treated with flame-retardant additives. LOI values are also reported for cotton fabric treated with nitrogen-containing resins at various levels of nitrogen content, in conjunction with a flame-retardant additive. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]